Essay about Henry Purcell - 2912 Words

Henry Purcell is seen as one of the greatest composers of the Baroque period and one of the greatest of all English composers. His earliest surviving works date from 1680 and show a complete command of musical composition. They include some fantasias for viols, masterpieces of contrapuntal writing, and more contemporary sonatas for violins, which reveal some acquaintance with Italian models. Purcell, in his time, became increasingly in demand as a composer, and his theatre music in particular made his name familiar to many who knew nothing of his church music or the odes and welcome songs he wrote for the court of three different kings over twenty-five years. To begin to chronicle the life of Henry Purcell is a difficult task as there is†¦show more content†¦A job that was given to many other trusted workers in the abbey as Westminster had no official copyist. Purcell probably spent most that time copying post restoration works that were being created at the time. This work as well as his normal workload as a choir boy would have acquainted him with the restoration composers and given him insight into their work. He himself confessed to transcribing the works of Byrd, Gibbons and Tallis into his own personal manuscript book. Charles II had in his court a copy of Louis XIVs Vignt-quatre violins du Roiand. This group of musicians was to play for Charles much the same as the French model played for Louis. In 1677 death came to Matthew Locke the then composer for Charles the seconds twenty-four violins (Westrup, p.26). Purcell, the precocious lad he was, succeeded him at the age of only eighteen. This was a most distinguished post for a musician and composer since Locke was one of the most respected composers of his day. No doubt there were some complaints of favoritism as Locke was an intimate friend of the Purcell family. The duties of twenty-four violins were principally to play at court functions wherever the king was in residence; Charles II loved to listen before meal-times. Charles taste in music did not extend beyond that which was not readily intelligible1 with a straightforward rhythm that he could beat time. In other words he knew what he liked and knewShow MoreRelatedThe Life Of Henry Purcell1353 Words   |  6 PagesThe Life of Henry Purcell Henry Purcell was a famous English composer during the Baroque period of music. There is very little known about Henry Purcell’s life. Purcell was born September 10, 1659 in the Westminster area of central London, England. His father, who was also named Henry Purcell was a gentleman at the Chapel Royal and the master of Choristers in Westminster Abbey but he died in 1664 when Purcell was around six years old. After the death of his father his mother Elizabeth was forcedRead MoreThe Fairy Queen by Henry Purcell1153 Words   |  5 PagesThe Baroque period is an era of artistic style utilizing embellished motion, pure and effortlessly interpreted detail to yield drama, tension, exuberance, and opulence in representation. The opera â€Å"The Fairy Queen† by Henry Purcell is an excellent representation of the Baroque era in its inordinate application of all theatrical foundations, embroidered indications, and the selected focused elucidation to return melodrama, emotio nal tension, enthusiasm, and sumptuousness for the audience watchingRead MoreThe development and contribution Purcell made to the operatic genre through his opera and dramatic works1979 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ The development and contribution Purcell made to the operatic genre through his opera and dramatic works. Henry Purcell (1659-1695) composed music for many different genres. Among these he wrote one true opera, Dido and Aeneas (1689). He also wrote a number of dramatic works. Purcell spent the majority of his last five years composing music for the stage. The majority of Purcell’s dramatic instrumental music or songs were used in spoken plays. Purcell went on to write four semi-operas; DioclesianRead MoreHenry Purcell s Dido And Aeneas950 Words   |  4 Pages I went to go see a college production of Henry Purcell’s Dido and Aeneas at a recital hall at Meredith College. The hall was almost full, but it was not huge auditorium or stage. The stage was brightly lit and there were no light changes during the performance. The audience ranged in ages, so it was family event. Many had flowers, so some of the audience was families supporting those performing. Most people seemed engaged in the performance, especially when performers entered from the back of hallRead MoreThe Era Of Music During Beethoven And Dido And Aeneas By Henry Purcell768 Words   |  4 Pagescomposers may only focus on one instrument to perfect. Regardless of taste or need for music, it is all important. Two of the important pieces learned in the beginning music class are Symphony No. 5 in C minor by Beethoven and Dido and Aeneas by Henry Purcell. A major historical event was well underway when Beethoven was born. The Age of Enlightenment was upon the world. The peak of the period was happening right as Beethoven was born. Philosophy, science, and politics were changed. Many believe thisRead MoreClassical music concert report1018 Words   |  5 Pagesheart is inditing. The venue was Redpath Hall of McGill University. The program began with Welcome to all the pleasures, which is an ode written for the Saint Cecilia Day, composed by the English Baroque composer Henry Purcell in 1683. It opens with a symphony with canonic violin parts. Purcell creates a concerto grosso effect with the contrapuntal violin melodies. Then comes the countertenor solo which I found very impressing. The second piece they performed was Violin Concerto in A major, Op.7:6 composedRead MoreCompare And Contrast Dido And Aeneas850 Words   |  4 Pagesand had scenery images to help with representing the setting and time of day throughout the performance. Many props were used by all roles of the cast. The costumes were more elaborate and detailed compared to that of Dido and Aeneas, written by Henry Purcell. The costumes for L’Orfeo were geared to fitting into the Greek Mythology period since the opera was based on the time period of Orpheus in Greek Mythology. They also used special effects such as the lowering of the c loud that Apollo descends fromRead MoreBaroque Music764 Words   |  4 Pagestook composers like Handel and Bach to make them into emotional, human experiences. The 10 most famous composers of the Baroque period are, Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, Antonio Vivaldi, George Philip Telemann, Arcangelo Corelli, Henry Purcell, Domenicp Scarlatti, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Johann Pachelbel, Giovanni Battista Sammartini. Coming in first place is Johanne Sebastian Bach who was a genius keyboardist, mastered the organ and harpsichord, and a brilliant composer. He wrote musicRead MoreEvolution of Opera: Greek Drama to Baroque Opera Essays870 Words   |  4 Pagesthe main interest in costumes and spectacle, but including spoken dialogue, songs, and instrumental music† (135). In the early seventeen hundreds England yielded to Italian taste, this is thought to be as a result of the death of Henry Purcell (Grout 135). Henry Purcell was the most important operatic composer in En gland and it was thought that with his passing came the hopelessness â€Å"for the future of English musical drama† (Grout 146). Italian opera maintained its position as leader throughout theRead MoreDidos Lament781 Words   |  4 Pagestime you could go hear music in public opera houses. Religious music was a huge part of baroque era; it saw the creation of tonality, made changes in musical notation, and developed new instrumental playing techniques. Didos Lament composed by Henry Purcell is an opera that was first performed in the spring of 1689. The form of this piece is Recitative and Aria; the recitative voice is accompanied by simple chords on a guitar. The aria is in two parts which feature eleven repetitions of chromatically

Project Portfolio Management - 1298 Words

Project portfolio management:- A competitive advantage for organizations now is doing the right projects and making sure that there are resources to complete those projects. Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is a set of business practices and a process that allows organizations to manage projects as a strategic portfolio, ensuring the alignment of programs and projects with organizational objectives. Executives need to regularly review entire portfolios and programs, determine why projects are or are not necessary, see where money is spent, prioritize projects, stage the start of new projects, spread resources appropriately and keep tabs on progress. Portfolio managers have a very tedious task of analyzing every aspect of the†¦show more content†¦[pic] Communication of key project data:- Whenever a project is undertaken, one of the most important aspect of it is communication. Communication actually helps refine the flow of information from one source to another. In an organization that would be demonstrated as the information passes from one executive to another one from the management in developing a particular project. For eg the dashboard is used as a source of information. Resource planning;- Resource planning actually helps you understand the resources that you have and how best to make use of those resources to achieve the desired result. Planning helps in using the resources successfully to complete a particular project. This method helps to identify and allocate human as well as financial resources so that the benefits could be managed efficiently and also be maximized at the same time. There are many other departments involved in the project so the resources have to be pulled together from all these sources and allocated and managed with utmost efficiency and effectiveness. [pic] Portfolio Performance Management:- †¢ Organizational standards and institutionalized processes are in place which helps in reporting on the portfolio. †¢ The portfolio is continuously monitored to make sure that the investment is safe and secure. †¢ Organizational standards consist of consistent data fields, definitions and a set of fixed businessShow MoreRelatedPrioritizing It Project Management Portfolio1390 Words   |  6 PagesPrioritizing IT Project Management Portfolio Prioritizing IT Project Management Portfolio The realities of shrinking IT budgets and increasing dependence on IT in organizations in recent years has resulted in a situation in which there is an intense competition for resources needed to execute and complete IT projects. According to Ross (2007), the shrinking IT budget in the face of increasing demand has brought new pressures to the IT function. To gain approval and funding for projects, IT departmentsRead MoreProject Portfolio Management : Project Management1432 Words   |  6 PagesProject Portfolio Management (PPM) is the centralized management of the processes, methods, and technologies used by project managers and project management offices (PMOs) to analyze and collectively manage current or proposed projects based on numerous key characteristics. The objectives of PPM are to determine the optimal resource mix for delivery and to schedule activities to best achieve an organization’s operational and financial goals ― while honoring constraints imposed by customers, strategicRead MoreProject Portfolio Management2873 Words   |  12 Pagesexplain the Project Portfolio Management (PPM), the reasoning behind it as a set of processes and methodologies and how these build a group of singular projects into a stack or tier that can be holistically graded, how these processes can drive IT to become closely modelled on and aligned with business strategy. It seeks to point out successful methodologies for PPM implementation and some of the issues that can arise. The basis of PPM Project management and by extension portfolio management are curiousRead MoreThe Success Of Project Portfolio Management824 Words   |  4 PagesJeffrey Pinto defines project portfolio management as, â€Å"the systematic process of selecting, supporting, and managing a firm’s collection of projects.† (p. 92). Many large firms can have multiple projects going on at the same time. These projects might support each other or can be stand-alone projects. This essay will examine the keys to successful project portfolio management and analyze the key difficulties in successfully implementing them. The success of project portfolio management is determined byRead MoreProject Management Practices Portfolio Management1945 Words   |  8 PagesRunning head: PROJECT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES PORTFOLIO 1 PROJECT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES PORTFOLIO 6 Project Management Practices Portfolio Brandi Miller PJM 500 ? Project Management Colorado State University ? Global Campus Dr. Arnetra Arrington May 1, 2016 Abstract PM within organizations is gaining momentum and an indispensable component of the work flow procedure. Improving organization project management can effectively improve an organization use of resources. Nevertheless, if an an organizationRead MoreProposed Project Portfolio Management Process1469 Words   |  6 PagesProposed Project Portfolio Management Process Project management has grown beyond the confines of simplistic canned applications into a discipline that is in large part process, combined with common sense and inspiration. The process of Project and Portfolio Management (PPM) derives from the practices common to project management, as expressed in applications and tools developed to help project managers collaborate with project team’s cross-enterprise.   Project and Portfolio Management solutionsRead MoreOrganizational Portfolio Management Process Project Management1102 Words   |  5 PagesORGANIZATIONAL PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT PROCESS Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is the management of one or more portfolios through evaluation, prioritization, selection, review, execution and monitoring of projects in the portfolio. The goal is to keep the portfolio(s) aligned with the vision, mission and strategic objectives of the organization while effectively and efficiently allocating internal resources to maximize the overall value to the organization. Because UPS has a very open and consensusRead MoreRecommending A Project Portfolio Management Method For Your Selected Project1960 Words   |  8 Pages1. Recommend a project portfolio management method for your selected project. Provide a rationale for your recommendation. Provide and outline of an executive summary. The project that I have selected is Medical Billing. I am recommending Quality Management Method. This is based on the information that the quality management projects have three major processes. The first process is in setting quality standards which are applicable to the project and identify how they reach their fulfillment. A keyRead MoreProject Portfolio Management at an Organization630 Words   |  3 Pagesat a current organization Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is defined as a set of business practices and a process that allows organizations to manage projects as a strategic portfolio, ensuring the alignment of programs and projects with organizational objectives (PPM, 2013, University of Wisconsin School of Business). PPM has several major advantages over generalized portfolio management. Just because a project seems enticing does not mean it is the right project for the organization at a givenRead MoreCommon Types of Resistance to Project Portfolio Management626 Words   |  2 PagesCommon types of resistance to project portfolio management Project portfolio management can enable an organization to prune redundant or overlapping projects, use resources more effectively and to keep closer watch on projects progress to ensure projects do not go over-budget or overtime (Solomon 2002:1). However, despite the techniques obvious advantages, it can meet with profound resistance when it is implemented in practice. Turf wars are common at many organizations, in which representatives

Human Nature In Society Free Essays

The roots of human nature are sunk deep into our history and experiences. When in our own lives we are to find the basis of our human nature, we must look to our early years, the formative years. Now take for example if we placed a newborn in the wild or in a high-class, well-mannered, wealthy family. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Nature In Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now The human nature of the newborn in the wild will be exactly that, wild and chaotic. While on the other hand the newborn in the well-mannered society will be well mannered and moralistic. Human nature is defined by the values that are taught and the values that society defines, if there are no societal values, human nature is doomed and lessened to that of wolves. Society defines the values and morals for its people to live by, common values. These values affect human nature and affect the way an even slightly self-conscious person behaves. An example of one of these societal values is table manners. Society has defined over hundreds of years of history to eat accompanied by utensils. Society also has set the value and that eating with your bare hands is un-civilized. Another example of a moralistic standard is not to steal. This value is taught by our parents and members of the society, the human society. So human nature has a conscience because of social morals and values. The formation and situation of human nature is dependent on these guidelines. Some peoples human nature may be to steal, maybe to survive but most humans have this as a wrong. Most people have developed a database of right and wrong. Although without society or modern civilization, human nature is reduced to a mind-frame of everyone for themselves and to basically survive. Without civilization Human nature is the same as the instinctual behavior of any human, eat drink, and sleep. Human nature is what separates humans from monkeys. Human nature as a balance of good and evil, humans can use their brain power for good or evil. Some aspects of human nature I encounter are events such as to decide between right and wrong, cause and effect. Human nature forms its basis of teachings at an early age. If you and I are taught good and right early on then our nature will be more knowledgeable and perhaps better. General human nature is different than individual but not by much. Generally, humans are a species that thrive to better their own lives and if possible others lives also. Human Nature also inhibits the qualities of greed, ambition, pride etc. The job of humans is to conform, to an extent, to society and its standards and values. Humans control or do not present these negative or positive aspects. Individually speaking, some people are more greedy than others, some more kind. Even though human nature includes many different aspects, most civilized humans, their nature is to an extent abide by widely accepted moral values. On simple value would be to live and let live, and if possible help. A societal value I am faced with everyday is to be kind and generous or at least to be polite to other fellow human beings. We can think of human nature to follow a kind of moral code such as many religions encourage. Encompassing all, human nature is not the pursuit of humanitarianism but the pursuit of once again, control or present certain qualities of ones characteristics and do this within the guidelines of society or on a larger scale humanity. Human nature is defined by the values that are taught and the values that society defines, if there are no societal values, humans are no different than animals in the wild. Human nature has aspects including love, greed, and ambition which dogs do not. But at the crux, humans do attempt, basically, to survive. Human nature is very complex in the task of approximating individual traits but when speaking of humanity all together its nature is different than animals in that we use our unique characteristics. Humans have wants and desires and also are capable of helping others in need. How to cite Human Nature In Society, Essay examples

The Sum of Me free essay sample

â€Å"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.† – Aristotle. The intellectual, social and cultural differences embraced by the University of Maryland are integral to the fabric of our community. The strength of the University is realized through the contributions of every member of our campus. We understand each individual is a result of his/her personal background and experiences. Describe the parts that add up to the sum of you. When I first read this prompt, I thought of the debate between Hobbes and Locke, the debate of nature vs. nurture and how each of these elements affect who a person becomes. Those who side with Nature believe that certain traits people inherit occur genetically, while those who side with Nurture believe that humans are a blank slate and everything we become is from our background, influences and experiences. I agree with Nurture. My parents are hard workers and have taught my siblings and I to go the extra distance in order to excel at something. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sum of Me or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They expect us to earn above average grades and to try our best in sports and activities. My parents are kind and loving and I have grown up in an environment which has taught me to be forgiving and responsible when I have to take care of my younger siblings and to be grateful for the family I have. I have earned solely A’s and B’s with the exception of one C throughout my school career. I have been playing soccer for seven years on a club level, in addition to the two years I have played on my High School JV soccer team. Playing sports has taught me leadership and how to be a team player. I began my own mailbox refurbishing business in sixth grade. I got up early in the morning and began working while most of my friends were asleep. My business has taught me the values of time management, hard work, and the satisfaction of being paid for the time and effort you put into a finished product. The expectations of my parents, the activities I participate in, and my own standard for self-achievement add up to the sum of me.

Legal issues and legal reasoning

Case Study Elaine has sued Jerry because Jerry fired her. Elaine was on the letter she had been given mentioned the great career opportunities at the company and stated that her annual salary would be $30,000. The employer is an employment at will employer. Elaine was given no reason for the termination. After the termination, Jerry hired a man named Kramer, who had less job experience and education than Elaine, for the position. Elaine has sued to get her job back.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Legal issues and legal reasoning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Legal Issues The legal problem in the case of Elaine vs. her employer Jerry is the promise given by the employer to offer her great employment. Bearing in mind the employer is an â€Å"At Will† employer, the question rises if he needs to explain terminating her employment. Other questions, which must be addressed include whether there was any ethic al issues or any type of discrimination that led to the termination of the plaintiff. To make a ruling on this case it needs to be clarified if the employer had the right to terminate the plaintiff’s employment without explanation and if there is sufficient evidence to justify claim of ethics violation or discrimination used against the petitioner. Plaintiff’s argument The petitioner has the â€Å"burden of proof† for demonstrating each count of accusation leveled against the employer. The petitioner claims to have been wrongfully fired and had been sexually discriminated. The petitioner argues that her letter of employment promised her a great career opportunity and her starting salary would be $30,000 annually, which had not been honored. Despite the fact that the employer is an â€Å"at will† employer and does not require drawing an employment contract, the job offer letter he issued the plaintiff in this case became the contract the moment the plainti ff accepted it. Elaine lays her claim on sex discrimination based on the fact that the employer hired a man named Kramer who also had less experience and his education was lower than hers was. She claims, based on the wrongful dismissal that she needs to be offered her employment back. Though the defendant is an â€Å"at will employer† which gives him the right to fire an employee legally for any reason, the plaintiff could claim that the offer she received from him was an â€Å"express contract† that governs the employment connection. This would imply in her instance existed an â€Å"implied-in-fact contract† at the time of hiring which was created between her and the employer. In the letter which she received on her employment stated; â€Å"Her annual salary would be $30, 000,† and she should expect â€Å"great career opportunities†. Here the word â€Å"annual† in relation to salary brings to light the fact that her work in the company was indefinite.Advertising Looking for essay on labor law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, when the letter mentioned great career opportunities it would be logical to believe it meant the career was going to be for more than two years. The plaintiff could also enforce Title VII of the Civil Rights Act referred to as the fair Practices Act, which was made to purge job discrimination based on color, race, nationality, sex and religion. Defendant’s Arguments At- will employment is a policy in the United States law which describes employment relationship where the affected parties may opt out of the relationship without liability, if and only if there is no express contract for a given definite term leading the employment relationship. In addition, the employer should not be a member of a collective bargaining group. The defendant under this policy could argue the petitioners claims by stating clearly he does not have to explain terminating the employment since he is an â€Å"at will â€Å"employer. He could also argue that though Kramer, the new employee, claimed had little experience and his education was lower than the plaintiff’s was hired based on natural abilities and offered a better job. He could also argue that the sex discrimination charges were unsupported since he had hired her. My decision as the judge In the case brought before me, it is my findings that there was no defense offered by the defendant on the wrongful job termination brought by the plaintiff. The plaintiff in my findings has brought sufficient evidence to show her employment was wrongfully terminated, which clearly showed that it was created on the express employment contract. The petitioner’s employment letter promises to offer great career opportunities, which clearly suggest the employment was to be long-term and was to last for more than a single year. There are various constitutional and contr act exceptions that apply to employment drawn out of at will doctrine. The exceptions states that; if wrongfully discharged, an employee can take legal action against the employer for compensation. It is also clear that the plaintiff was sexually discriminated and this goes against Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, which protect these rights. Based on the evidence brought, it is my ruling that the plaintiff should be reinstated and granted punitive damages for her wrongful dismissal from work. My Own Opinion In my opinion, there is fair and reasonable application of the At-will employment law. Exceptions on the employment at will help protect employees who may have been wrongfully dismissed. There are some ethical issues concerns about the application of this doctrine.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Legal issues and legal reasoning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of them is there should be a written expla nation on reason for dismissal because lack of this leaves the dismissed employee. If we assume an employee who was rightfully terminated but was offered no written explanation may find it hard to identify and rectify their mistakes. This to appoint, could affect the society creating increased unemployment, which will lead to many social ills. The written explanation would help the employee accept the termination and help improve his/her performance. It is also my opinion the Title VII of the Civil Right Act laws should be harshly enforced to avoid the numerous cases arising from wrongful termination and segregation. This should also try involving and protecting male workers, as it seems that sex discrimination only applies to women. This essay on Legal issues and legal reasoning was written and submitted by user Luciana Lambert to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Business Process Improvement

Business Process Improvement Introduction According to the evaluation of the Benchmark System Company, Business Process Improvement is a contemporary management technique that can assist the organization in achieving its critical success factors. Business Process Improvement is a technique that involves the manager and the workers commitment to continuous improvement in quality as well as critical success factors (Tidd and Pavitt, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Business Process Improvement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rationale for Business Process Improvement Business Process Improvement results in an increase in operation efficiency and customer focus. Therefore, the rationale for Business Process Improvement includes the need for change, motivating factors of the change process and competition in the business environment. According to Blocher, Stout, Cockins (2010), operation processes in the current competitive universe experience the effects of technology. For instance, networks, software and access to information are changing at a faster rate while interfering with the expenditures of organizations. As a result, organizations need to adapt to changes as they continuously receive process updates. In the Benchmark System Company, the questions that frequently presents concern the business goals, competition, improvement processes and the change techniques. This is because the company has several critical success factors that require assessment. They include high turnover, client improvement, customer satisfaction, expenditure management and support issues. Therefore, in order to improve these factors, the Benchmark System Company has a challenge of putting new processes, procedures as well as systems into place. This is possible through implementation of Business Process Improvement because it will affect the profitability as well as the stability of the company. Moreover, the Benchmark System Com pany has some motivating factors to the process of change. They comprise concern for customer services, operation cost, employees’ production, operation processes, technology advancement, challenges in the market and organization infrastructure. Therefore, these motivating factors create the need for Business Process Improvement. This is because the process aid in providing solution to most of the concerns.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Finally, Business Process Improvement assists in production enhancement via achievement of specific goals. They include, enhancement of customer services, improvement of employees’ ability to anticipate and respond to changes that take place in the business environment, maximization of business opportunities and reduction of inefficiencies as well as errors (The Frame Group Limited, 2008). Since these goals apply to Benchmark System Company, there is need for the implementation of Business Process Improvement. Additionally, Business Process Improvement helps an organization to understand the need for doing business, cumbersome processes, competition and the desire of having a working environment with excellent practices. A description of the Business Process Improvement Drucker (2008) states that Business Process Improvement assist organizations to maximize resources. Moreover, Business Process redesigning and engineering are rooted to it. Therefore, it focuses on doing the correct thing because it tries to minimize variation in processes so that the organization can achieve the anticipated outcome with proper resources utilization. As a result, the Business Process Improvement works via definition of goals, determination of customers and alignment of processes. To begin with, the definition of goals as well as purposes involves determination of the organization reason for existence, t he activities that they undertake and the rationale. Secondly, the determination of customers involves a thorough analysis of the people that the organization serves (Kerzner, 2010). Lastly, alignment of the processes entails organization realization of the techniques that improve the existing activities. Therefore, the aim of Business Process Improvement is a fundamental change in performance and not incremental in amendments. This helps an organization to fit in the competitive business environment. In order to have a successful Business Process Improvement, everyone in the organization needs to be involved. This is because people contribute differently in the achievement of an organization vision. Hence, role definition is imperative in Business Process Improvement. Griffin (2010) explains the four roles that include leadership, ownership, management and operator.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Business Process Improvement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although the roles are peculiar, they work together to achieve an effective and efficient Business Process Improvement. Furthermore, some people in the organization may find themselves performing more than a single role. As a result, the roles have four categories that include planning, doing, checking and acting. The leadership role involves the creation of procedures and resourcing plans that aid in the achievement of Business Process Improvement. It entails the definition of the customers, the employees as well as the business needs (Hazlett McAdam, 2010). Thus, the planning, doing, checking and acting phases play a significant role in elimination of barriers to critical success factors. For instance, it ensures that products produced are of high quality and customers are satisfied. In the planning phase, performance objectives are determined via analysis of the customers, the stakeholders, the community, the employees and th e suppliers (Tidd and Pavitt, 2009). This involves an understanding of competition in order to translate business issues into performance objectives. For example, a company can react to the threat of market demand by formulation of an objective that ensures constant supply of products. Blocher, Stout, Cockins (2010) state that the doing phase entail removal of barriers to Business Process Improvement. The barriers can be lack of training, inadequate resources of harsh working environment. As a result, the organization requires collecting data and analyzing performance of the business. This is possible in the checking phase where activities appraisals take place as issues that hinder Business Process Improvement are rectified or eliminated. Finally, in the acting phase, the organization creates action for improvement. This helps the company to achieve its vision of effective and efficient Business Process Improvement. The Frame Group Limited (2008) argues that ownership is important in Business Process Improvement because it give employees the power to create, update as well as approve work procedures that aid in the achievement of the organization goals and objectives.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hence, employees need to understand the customers need in order to create procedures that lead to customer satisfaction and growth. Moreover, the employees need to determine their needs and address them. This will lead to achievement of critical success factors like employee satisfaction, training and competence. Moreover, the organization can use problem solving skills, risk assessment as well as root cause analysis to address the issues of Business Process Improvement (Drucker, 2008). Problem solving skills involve a critical analysis of existing issues followed by proposed solutions and implementation strategies. On the other hand, risk assessment help in reduction, elimination and mitigation of anticipated factors that can interfere with Business Process Improvement. This alleviates obstacles of critical success factor. Lastly, the root cause analysis reacts to an existing problem. For example, the organization uses it to determine the cause of a problem and implement corrective measures. In a recent research, Kerzner (2010) explains that Business Process Improvement has four fundamental processes. They include the necessity of aligning business goals, client focus, benchmarking and establishment of owners. To begin with, the alignment involves integration of balance scorecard and Business Process Improvement initiatives. Secondly, client focus concentrates on the customer issues to ensure that the organization hears their voices and address complains. Thirdly, benchmarking stress on specific, achievable and realistic goals that lead to measurable results. Finally, establishment of owners empower the employees with authority and responsibility. This make them feel valued thus increasing their motivation towards Business Process Improvement. In order to implement Business Process Improvement, the methodologies are important. They include definition of the problem, determination of the outcome and reorganization of the organization ability to meet the new ob jectives. The implementation of Business Process Improvement The implementation involves four fundamental steps. They include identification and selection of the procedures, mapping and redesigning of the processes and implementation of the solution (Griffin, 2010). Although they are steps, they form a cycle that the organization follows without making a stop. This continuity allows interaction that ensures efficient and effective implementation of Business Process Improvement. The first process involves identification of business procedures and it involve acceptance of the need of change. This is because the acceptance will lead to identification of an opportunity that will result to excellent outcome (Hazlett McAdam, 2010). The determination of process owner then follows. This process empowers the employees with authority and responsibility of implementing the Business Process Improvement. Finally, the organization develops goals and objectives that will direct the selected busin ess procedure. Additionally, the identification process creates an understanding of doing business, the stakeholders’ involvement as well as the idea of change (Hackes, 2008). As a result, it comprise of identification of barriers to critical success factors and the activities that will alleviate them. For example, if the problem is lack of employees training, activities that promote workers development require consideration. The mapping process involves analysis of the procedures that take place in the organization. This involves all the activities that relate to the employees, the customers and the management (Tidd and Pavitt, 2009). They may include production, processing, supply and management activities. Additionally, the mapping process includes evaluation of available resources and determination of weaknesses. The evaluation of available resources is imperative because the principle of Business Process Improvement states that an organization should use what it own, as it is cost effective. On the other hand, determination of weakness helps an organization minimize them while maximizing the strength. This process usually helps an organization to choose the best Business Process Improvement activity. For instance, an organization that has a weakness of employee turnover will implement strategies that lead to workers retention. Finally, the mapping process involves documentation as it ensures consistency in routine. The first step in the redesigning of the processes and the initial activity is the identification of goals for the selected procedure (Blocher, Stout, Cockins, 2010). For example, if the procedure entail employee training, then the goals should aim at increasing the competency of the workers. Secondly, the employees together with the managers should work together and formulate processes that lead to workers development. The processes can be on job training or scholarship for further education. Stimulation, evaluation as well as redefini tion of the suggested processes follow it (The Frame Group Limited, 2008). Thereafter, the organization selects a process that meets the set goals. This is because it will lead to effective implementation of the Business Process Improvement. Finally, the organization implements the chosen process by integrating it with the existing procedures. This entails an analysis of the available resources together with cost benefit. For instance, the organization will analyze the benefit of the proposed process as well as anticipated problem. The final step in Business Process Improvement is implementation. It involves all the activities that the company will perform to ensure that the selected Business Process Improvement procedure is taking place. This step involves finalization of the Business Process Improvement (Drucker, 2008). It includes activities like gaining consensus, funding, improving infrastructures and developing processes. Therefore, the organization should cautiously implement as well as integrate the Business Process Improvement activities in to the existing system. This ensures that the Business Process Improvement is in line with the objective of the organization. As a result, continuous monitoring and evaluation is imperative as it aid in identification and rectification of problems. Moreover, it ensures that the selected process is on the road to achieving the organization mission and vision. Therefore, this makes Business Process Improvement a continuous process. Application of Business Process Improvement by other organizations Different organizations apply Business Process Improvement in a peculiar way depending on their vision and mission. Some common techniques involve problem solving, brainstorming, cause-effect diagrams and policy deployment (Kerzner, 2010). Problem solving cycle is a continuous process that entails identification of a problem together with the solution. For instance, the problem can be an emergency or an attempt to do someth ing in a different way. The organization need to analyze the cause as well as the way forward. Next is the selection of a suitable solution. The solution may provide an answer to the problem or it may lead to a repeat of the whole process. Therefore, this technique is a circle and with careful monitoring it alleviates problems that hinder the success of an organization. In other organizations, brainstorming has been successful in achievement of Business Process Improvement. Brainstorming is pooling of ideas from all the people in the organization before declaration of a final decision (Griffin, 2010). It begins with formation of a team, definition of a problem and generation of ideas. A thorough review of the ideas follows. Finally, the organization selects the procedure that facilitates Business Process Improvement. For instance, if an organization has a problem with customer satisfaction, all workers will have a chance of airing out their views. Finally, the management together wi th employees will select a favorable solution. According to Hazlett McAdam (2010) other organizations apply the cause and effect diagrams to achieve Business Process Improvement. This entails exploration of links that exist between causes and effects of issues. It operates under the principle that a single problem can have many causes. It is used to identify the causes of any effects. The effect can be a problem or something beneficial. Moreover, if something beneficial occurs, the organization should find out its cause so that they can increase the chances of it happening again. For instance, an organization with satisfied employees should find out the cause of that satisfaction so that they maintain it. On the other hand, if an organization produces low quality products, it should establish the cause so that it can rectify. There are steps that organizations need to follow in order to apply the process of cause and effect diagram. They include problem identification, cause analys is selection as well as implementation of a probable solution. Finally, some organizations use policy deployment to implement Business Process Improvement. This technique entails breaking down of an organization objective into several goals that ensure every member play a role in Business Process Improvement (Hackes, 2008). For example, if the company wants to improve its product, it will formulate several goals that ensure every person play a role in the improvement process. Applicability of Business Process Improvement to Benchmark System Company Business Process Improvement applies to Benchmark System Company at three levels. They include the organization, the employees and the customers’ levels. This is because the company has problems with some critical success factors that concern the organization, employees and the customers. Therefore, Business Process Improvement will offer a solution to these problems. To begin with, the Benchmark System Company has a number of issu es concerning sales, support, products and internal processes. The sales have been decreasing instead of rising. Additionally, the company has ineffective support quality leading to poor products. Moreover, inefficient internal processes have resulted to long waiting hours. As a result, Business Process Improvement will assist in streamlining those issues. This is because it will help in identification of causes of those problems as well as proposing the way forward. Therefore, the company will have an increase in sale, efficient support, quality products and effective internal processes. Secondly, Benchmark System Company has some problems with critical factors that concern the employees. They include satisfaction, training and competence. The employees are dissatisfied, have inadequate training and are incompetent. Therefore, the company needs to find a solution, which is Business Process Improvement. This is because it is a contemporary management technique that ensure the compan y has qualified and skilled employees. As a result, it will ensure that employee development and satisfaction take place. Finally, the Business Process Improvement is important because it will help the company satisfy the customers’ needs. This is because the Benchmark System Company has a number of issues concerning the customers. They include client growth and customer dissatisfaction. As a result, Business Process Improvement is the best contemporary management technique that applies to the company. This is because the technique will ensure that customers receive quality products. Besides, their demands and concerns will receive attention. The plan for implementation of Business Process Improvement in Benchmark System Company The implementation of Business Process Improvement will involve problem solving, brainstorming, cause-effect diagrams and policy deployment. This is because these processes are efficient and effective in ensuring that the implementation of Business Pr ocess Improvement take place. To begin with, the problem solving cycle will begin by determination of all the companies’ problems that concern the organization, the employees and the clients. Thereafter, every person in the organization will suggest the applicable solution. A thorough analysis of the proposed solutions will take place. Finally, a selection of solutions will take place and then implementation phase begins. During the implementation phase, monitoring and evaluation will take place to ensure that the Business Process Improvement is on the right track. The second technique will be the brainstorming process. This will involve formation of different groups within the organization. The different groups will then generate ideas of how the workers can improve the relationship with each other as well as the customers. The different groups will then come together and select some imperative ideas. After that, the assembling of the required recourses will take place and t he selected proposals implemented. This technique is important because it will ensure implementation of a sustainable Business Process Improvement. Thirdly, the company will use the cause effect diagrams to implement the Business Process Improvement. This will involve investigations of the causes of both the company’s problems as well as successes. For example, the company can investigate the cause of all the problems relating to the critical success factors like employee dissatisfaction. On the other hand, an investigation of factors that leads to strengths will take place. After the cause identification, alleviation of the causes that result to problems will take place. On the other hand, enhancement of the causes that lead to strengths will also take place. The two activities will result to a perfect organization, which is the aim of Business Process Improvement. Finally, policy deployment is a technique that will facilitate a smooth implementation of Business Process Impr ovement. It will begin by formulation of goals that focus on different activities that facilitate the implementation of Business Process Improvement. The goals will focus on the organization, the employees and the clients. For instance, the company can formulate a goal that ensures all the clients receive quality services. After goal formulation, policy development will take place. The policies will provide directions for all the activities that the employees engage in. For instance, activities towards the implementation of Business Process Improvement will have policies that direct them. Conclusion In conclusion, Business Process Improvement is an imperative contemporary management technique. This is because it will help the Benchmark System Company achieve its critical success factors. References Blocher, E., Stout, D., Cockins, G. (2010). Cost management; A strategic Emphasis. New York: McGraw Hill Companies. Drucker, P. (2008). Management: Tasks, Responsibilities and Practices. New York: Taylor and Fransis. Griffin, R. (2010). Fundamentals of Management. New York: Cangage. Hackes, C. (2008). Top Quality Mangement: The Key to Business Improvement. North Carlifornia: Springer. Hazlett, M., McAdam, R. (2010). Business Improvement: Intergrating Quality, Inovation and Knowledge. New York: Routledge. Kerzner, H. (2010). Project Management. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons. The Frame Group Limited. (2008). Business Process Improvement. The Business Process Improvemnt Workbook , 23 (18), 58-67. Tidd, J., Bessant, J., Pavitt, K. (2009). Continuous Improvement: Specific Techniques. Managing Inovations , 1 (7), 31-34.

The relationship between commodification and personal value in The Essay - 1

The relationship between commodification and personal value in The Moonstone and The Picture of Dorian Gray - Essay Example The early history of detective fiction is saturated with narcotic drugs. Wilkie Collins was a laudanum addict, and opium circulates through The Moonstone. However, not only there. The constellated concerns of opium, subjectivity, empire, and the Gothic recur frequently in texts throughout the nineteenth century, from Wilkie Collins and Dickens to Oscar Wildes The Picture of Dorian Gray. Just as early detective fiction is deeply, perhaps constitutively, steeped in drugs, it is also associated with empire, and this connection is constitutive. In this fiction, crime is the dark side of conquest and imperial rule returning to pollute the metropolitan homeland. Exactly these fears and uncertainties about the human self and its coherence in the 1890s are reflected in Oscar Wilde’s treatment of the double theme in The Picture of Dorian Gray, though from a markedly different perspective. Wilde uses the tale of a beautiful young man who is granted his wish to remain young while his alter ego, a portrait, ages, to explore ideas about art and life. The novella derives from Wilde’s interest and commitment to the Aestheticism of Walter Pater and Decadence of Baudelaire and Huysman. The innocence of Gray is framed alongside the morality of the tormented artist, Basil Hallward, who paints the portrait and is clearly in love with its subject, and the irresistibly cynical dandy, Lord Henry Wooton, who teaches Gray that the only proper object in life is the pursuit of beauty. As Gray succumbs to the temptations supplied by Wooton, he is led into a life of decadence, an immorality the signs of which mark his portrait but not his person. On this downward slope of decadence Dorian is able to continue his life of revelry without revealing his murderous deed, but is now driven by another force, his hunger for opium. His name bears significance again here, especially when a woman in the opium den identifies him as "Prince

Adverse Effects of the Foreign Aid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Adverse Effects of the Foreign Aid - Essay Example uals, organizations and governments in order to assist people or governments experiencing distress, suffering, war, disasters and other emergencies provide humanitarian aid. For instance, governments could provide aid through the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in cases of emergencies that occurred as a result of natural disasters. Development aid is the main focus of this paper. It is the financial and other resources provided by wealthy countries to low-income states in order to help spur economic development, reduce poverty, improve governance, solve population explosion, expand access to basic education and healthcare, protect the environment, promote stability in conflictive regions, protect human rights, among other objectives (Tarnoff, 2010, p.3). It is distinguished from the humanitarian assistance by the fact that the intent to alleviate suffering and poverty is aimed at the long-term as opposed to the latter's emphasis on the short- term relief. Industrialized countries have institutionalized development aid through their respective Official Development Assistance (ODA). Financial resources are provided through different channels such as international aid organizations, non-government organizations and global bodies such as the UN and the World Bank. The flow of financial resources and the part of it that is normally called aid, wrote Singer and Ansari (1988, p.180), is only a part - and a comparatively small part - of the total aid relationship between rich and poor countries. This is because other types of aid could also emerge. For instance, there are those who argue that when a rich country opens up its market to the exports of low-income countries, it is providing a meaningful aid. Ideally, the effect of foreign...This essay investigates the theme of relative ineffectiveness of foreign aid, compared with other forms of financial cooperation. The essay identifies a comprehensive list of problems that are ei ther directly or indirectly associated with large amount of foreign aid. It is expected that through the information, corrective measures could be identified made so that the delivery of financial aid is effective and could achieve more meaningful effects. Foreign aid is supposed to be an altruistic initiative. However, aids are often granted to beneficiaries in exchange for something or tied with several conditions. Then, there is also the claim that foreign aid could give rise to numerous problems on the part of the beneficiary such as its incapacitating effect on people in determining and building their own solutions to their problems. These variables, among others, underpin the manner by which large amount of financial resources and other forms of aid could cause harm to recipient countries. The absorptive capacity is the ability of a country to employ both domestic and foreign capital productively in the sense that the resources yield some minimum rate of return. This concept explains the problems and negative impacts for foreign aid beneficiaries listed by this paper. The lack of competence and capability for example, led to wastage in the financial aid, which often fall prey to unscrupulous government officials. It provided insights with regards to addressing the pitfalls entailed in giving aid.

Latin America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Latin America - Essay Example One of the features is the central lowlands. The others are the eastern region’s extensive highlands of Guiana and Brazil and the third is the Andes. The Andes for instance comprise ranges of mountains that are Cenozoic that resulted from the active convergence of the Pacific tectonic plates and the American tectonic plates (Gritzner, 2006). The Latin America is widely reputed for its extensive tracks of fertile lands all across the continent and also with sites rich in rare minerals and stones. There are in addition to these, a plethora of water bodies all across the Latin America in the form of rivers, lakes, streams, and so coupled with beautiful sceneries. The nature of the geography of Latin America has been more beneficial to the people living in the region than it has been detrimental. For one, the geography is one that attracts habitable/ suitable climates where populations and crops can thrive. There is a lot of rainfall experienced in the region throughout the year and with the fertile soils of the lands, agriculture in the region continues to boom. The region therefore because of its geography is food sufficient with the surplus exported to other areas for foreign exchange. Furthermore, as already stated, the geography of the lands boasts rocks that contain a number of minerals such as copper, tin and mercury from the Altiplano, that are mined for monetary value (Webb, 1972). Because of this good geography too, the Latin America has provided a suitable habitat for wildlife species such as in the Amazon that continue to elicit great tourism revenues. Other natural beauties of this geography such as the Iguazu falls in Argentina and the Perito Moreno glacier also bring in millions of tourists to the region annually. Because of all these activities that have been facilitated by the generous geography of the area, the region continues to experience great economic growth and the improvement of standards of living of the

Significance Of Recruitment And Selection Business Essay

Significance Of Recruitment And Selection Business Essay Recruitment and selection process in an organization is important in order to attract an effective workforce. This is important because it would determine the business success and would affect the whole organization operation. One of the most valuable assets in an organization is the employees. Recruitment is defined as the process of attracting individuals on a timely basis, in sufficient numbers, and with appropriate qualifications, and encouraging them to apply for jobs with an organization (Mondy Noe, 2008). There are two main stages of recruitment. Firstly, strategic planning is needed to define the objectives and goals of the organization. Next, human resource planning is needed to identify the whether there are surplus or shortage of workers or just enough workers to achieve the organizational goals. The objective of recruitment is to attain the number and quality of employees that can be chosen to help the organisation achieve its objectives and goals. It also helps to create a pool of potential employees for the organisation in order for the management to select the right applicant for the right job. Selection is the process of choosing from a group of applicants the individual best suited for a particular position and organization (Mondy Noe, 2008). The vital goal of selection is to hire the candidate who is most suitable for the job duties and the culture of the organization. Using the right selection methods and delivering them effectively is important. Human resource managers can determine effective selection tools with the job when job analysis is carefully done.( Neil Kokemuller) Proper selection of candidates can reduce the cost of training because qualified candidate can perform well and achieve organizational goals. Selection can also reduce employee problems in the organization such as labour turnover and absenteeism. 2. Content Since recruitment and selection cost are significant, there are some alternatives to solve shortage of employees. The alternatives to recruitment are outsourcing, contingent workers, professional employer organization and overtime. Outsourcing is when the organization uses an external company to perform task and function of the organisation. Contingent workers are also known as temporary workers, part-time workers and just-in-time workers. When there is not enough full-time employees to complete some task, using contingent workers is a good choice. Professional employer organisation is companies that lease out their employees to organisations for a certain period. Overtime is when employees work for extra hours to deal with a large workload that is temporary. This way organisations save money on recruiting, selecting and training new employees. 2.1 Recruiting methods Recruitment source is the place where qualified individuals are found (Mondy Noe, 2008). Recruitment method is defined as the ways in which potential employees are attracted to an organisation (Kleynhans, 2006). Internal recruiting methods are employee database, employee referrals, job posting and job bidding. Employee database is able to show the organisation whether current employees have the required qualifications for filling the vacancies. Furthermore, an employee referral is when employees mention someone who is capable and suitable for the job opening to the recruiter. Job posting is a procedure of letting employees know there is a job vacancy whereas job bidding is a procedure that employees who believe that they possess the required qualifications to apply for the vacant position. There are several external recruiting methods. The methods commonly used are media advertising, job fairs, internships and employee agencies. Media advertising is a popular method. The organisation can put up its employment needs through various advertising means such as newspaper, internet, radio and television. Other than that, job fair is a recruiting method used by employers to attract large number of applicants to one location for interviews. Internship is where students are hired by an employer for a period of time into professional or technical position that relates to their area of study and prepare them for the workforce (Internship Definition, 2008). Employee agencies are organisation that aids to recruit employees and also help individuals to find for jobs. 2.2 Selection process The first step of selection process is preliminary interview. This step is to eliminate obviously unqualified candidates. The HR manager can conduct this step via telephone, video or virtual job interview. Telephone interview is commonly used as it saves time. The next step in selection process is review of applications and r à ©sumà ©. Evaluation of the applications of employment is done by the employer to determine whether the applicant is suitable for the position. Subsequently, the organization will administer some test such as work sample, job knowledge, psychomotor abilities test, vocational interest, and personality. Work sample test is used to test the ability of an individual to perform task that represent the job itself. Job knowledge test are used to test the applicants knowledge on duties of the job applied. Psychomotor abilities test assess the strength, coordination and agility of the applicant. Vocational interest test are used to test ones satisfaction or interest on the occupation. Personality test measures trait, temperaments and characters of the applicants. Employment interview is the oral examination of candidates for employment. The employer will exchange conversation with the applicants to evaluate them. There are two types of interview; structured and unstructured. Structured interview ask about questions related to the job whereas unstructured interview ask open-ended question. There are also four methods of interviewing which are one-on-one, group, broad and multiple interviews. Following the employment interview, investigation of the applicants background and reference are done to determine the truth of information stated. Previous employment, education verification, criminal history and personal reference check are some elements to verify. Next, selection decision is conducted. This is the most crucial step in the process. Candidate with the best qualification would be recruited by the organization. Lastly, medical examination is administered to see whether the candidate is physically capable to execute the job functions. If the applicants pass the whole process successfully, they will be notified to commence work as soon as possible. 2.3 Significance of Recruitment and Selection Recruitment and selection process is important for an organization to achieve its goals. When the right people are selected, the employee will produce productive results and stay with the organisation longer hence having a low employee turnover. If selection is not carefully done, the employee may make mistake which leads to a financial loss. It also wastes the time of human resource managers to go through the recruitment and selection process again. 3. Case development 3.1 Company description The company that we have chosen for our assignment is Public Bank Bhd. This company was start up in August 1966 by its Founder and Chairman, Tan Sri Dato Sri Dr. Teh Hong Piow. Public Bank is a top-tier bank in Malaysia. Public Bank Berhad is engaged in investment holding, stock-broking, provision of related financial services, management of unit trust funds and sale of trust units, underwriting of insurance. Furthermore, Public Bank also emphasises on a wide range of banking services such as commercial banking, investment banking, financing Islamic banking business and card businesses. In the market of banking services, Public Bank is the market leader in consumers banking and retail commercial lending to SMEs in Malaysia. Besides, Public Bank has about 250 branches throughout Malaysia .The company employs 90% in Malaysia which mean more than 14,000 people are employed by the company and the services that provides in each of the branches include deposit accounts, insurance plans, loans, insurance plan and as well as credit cards. In addition, it has more than 100 overseas branches in countries including Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Laos, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. The Public Bank Group has demonstrated powerful capacity of transporting exceptionally high rates of organic growth in its core businesses. In other hand, this company perform six segments. Retail operations which concerning on transferring the products and services to all small and medium-size businesses. Second, hire purchase operations, the provision of passenger vehicle financing to all levels of customers are being concerned by hire purchase operations. Furthermore, corporate lending operations provide the financing needs of corporate customers. In addition, trading treasury related products and services is engaged in the treasury and capital market operations. Investment banking operations which provide the business needs of business customers. Last but not least, fund management operations which consist of sale of trust units and the management of unit trust funds. Besides, Public Bank`s banking and management excellence has continued to be accorded prestigious domestic and international recognition. Furthermore, its excellence performance has received several awards granted by highly reliable institution and magazines. These awards included the Best Domestic Commercial Bank in Malaysia by Asiamoney and The Asset, Best Local bank in Malaysia by FinanceAsia and Euromoney, Best Bank in Malaysia by Global Finance and the Most outstanding Annual Report Award. In other hand, Between the 40 mainly well regarded Malaysian companies, Public Bank was ranked at 2 in year 2003. The bank also won the KLSE Corporate Excellence Award for the fourth consecutive year and the inaugural Malaysian Business Corporate Governance Award in year 2003, becoming the standard bearer of good corporate governance practices in Malaysia. Human capital is the most valuable assets for Public Bank Group. The Public Bank Group is committed in generating its human capital and determine the need for a powerful performance reward system to encourage their employees to perform better by rewarding their employees. Previously, Public Bank Group still stands out as one of the strongest and successful financial services group during the global recessionary economic conditions. Besides, Public Bank Group reward the staff with higher bonus as a result of their excellent performance. The compensation make up of a basic salary of RM 2,800 per month for entry level, other benefits and caring environment for the right applicants. With increasing online purchasing, Public Bank is now providing internet banking services, PBeBank.com .The security of the internet banking was improved with an alert mechanism that is well-qualified to identifying and diminishing doubtful account activities and preventing unauthorised access. Besides, this internet banking system allows customers to make payment for regular bills. In branches, every customer service delivery is improved with special care counters for senior citizens, expectant mothers and the disabled. Moreover, in each of the branches it provide convenient one-stop assistance for customer enquiries on loans. 3.2 Company recruitment practices and implementation There are two recruitment methods; internal and external. Public Bank uses both methods but mainly on external. Internal recruitment method Promotion from within The internal recruitment source that used by Public Bank is promotion from within. In general it is a procedure that the manager has stated a promise to consider promoting current employees for an opportunity before employing applicants from outside the organization. One of the employees, Tan Sri Datuk Seri Utama Thong Yaw Hong who was the Director in June 1986 and made Chairman in October 1986, now serves as Independent Non-Executive Co-Chairman of the Board at Public Bank Bhd (Reuters). External recruitment method Online Recruiting Method Public Bank is using external recruitment sources to find qualified individuals. One of the external recruitment source that usually used by Public Bank is online recruiting. Public Bank post their job vacancy on their company website and job search engine such as jobstreet.com. Media Advertising Besides, external recruitment method that used by Public Bank to attract potential employees is media advertising. The most common media advertising that used by Public Bank to convey their employment needs is through newspaper namely in The Star Jobs section. Job fair Moreover, Public Bank also used Job fair as one of the external recruitment method. Job fair is a exposition or fair that organized by an organization for the purpose of matching job seekers and people who seek for a job. One of the job fair that Public Bank has involved is the MCTF 12( Malaysia Career and Training Fair 2012). Before the Job fair Public Bank may posted their vacancy job detail on their website. The detail included minimum qualification, previous employment, communication skill and so on. Public Bank usually will transfer their employees from one department to another department. And this could bring the benefit of providing a excellent candidates for Public Bank to fill a vacancy. 3.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Recruiting Methods Promotion from within . Because the current employees had gone through the training that provide by company and it take the current employee much less time to become efficiency and effective to the new job because current employee is already familiar with their job, so the current employees is someone who is capable for the empty job in the company. Besides, it is economical. By using the internal recruitment source, Public Bank has eliminated the cost of advertising, interviewing, training and development since the current employee has familiar with their works. In other hand, current employees have worked for the company for a period of time. So they are able to fit in with the company culture. It is very important because it could help to achieve organization efficiency. For example, employees who can work well with their colleague improve the efficiency in productivity of the organization because a person work in a warm and good culture environment could improve the productivity of the organization. Besides, this internal recruitment practices could motivate the employees. It encourages the employees to work hard and get promoted. One of the disadvantages of promotion from within is limited choice for the company. The selection of applicants is forced to be done from a limited pool. Due to this, the quality of applicant may need to be sacrificed and resolved in applicants that have less qualification. Other than that, candidates from within do not have a new ideas. Employees from within could not bring in outside talents and skills to maintain new ideas and plans to come in. And this will not make the company grow and improve. Moreover, promotion also can be resulted in inefficiency as it only focus on the services length rather than value, and it may be a good thing for inefficient candidates as they will not need to work hard in order to prove that they are worth to stay in the organisation. Online Recruiting The advantage of e-recruiting is that it saves cost on promoting company vacancy because it is free for Public Bank since it is placed on their website. Secondly, it is also easy to place an online advertisement. HR Managers dont need an in-depth knowledge on IT since most job sites and CV database are user-friendly. By using the external recruitment source of online recruiting, it is also time-consuming because it will generate many unqualified candidates. The human resource managers will waste time trying to filter and sift out all of the unqualified candidates. When they are choosing candidates, they will become confused because there are too many candidates. Media advertising The reason that Public Bank using this method is newspaper advertising can appeal to a wider audience. Those audiences have different backgrounds, specialized knowledge and experience. Public Bank can refer to their viewpoint and try to apply in their business. It can also help to fill the vacancies fast. However, there are many disadvantages for advertising too. Advertising will waste a lot of money. It will not be cost-effective. It is also time-consuming because it will generate many unqualified candidates. The human resource managers will waste time trying to filter and sift out all of the candidates. When they are choosing candidates, they will become confused because there are too many candidates. Career Fair Through this career fair Public Bank had the chance to meet up large number of applicant in a short time. Besides, this fair allow the employers to meet their potential employee face to face, exchange information and impress them. However there are some cons on job fair too. One of the cons is during the job fair the environment may be very noisy and overcrowded. This could affect the recruiting process. Besides, it is time consuming, the employers may meet a lot of unqualified employees and it may take some time to filter the unqualified employees. 3.4 Selection Process After the recruitment process, Public Bank will undergo selection process. Selection means choosing the best individual best suited the particular position in Public Bank from a group of qualified applicants. Public Bank want to make sure that the applicants is properly matched with jobs and organization by selection process. The selection process in Public Bank is done step by step after Public bank recruited qualified people throughout the selection methods. The first process is preliminary interview. The main objective Public bank do this process is to eliminate the obviously unqualified individuals. Public bank will phone the candidates recruited to have a telephone conversation. In the conversation, the applicants will be eliminate once they are found not fulfill the qualification. Second process is review application and resumes. Qualified applicants will send their resume according to the jobs they apply. Summary of experience, education, training development must include in the resume for the process of selection. Public Bank will check for the validity and reliability of the resume in different ways such as make a phone call to the university he or she graduated, make a phone call to his or her last company to check for his or her experience and personality. The third process is having a selection test. In Public Bank, they basically will have cognitive test, job knowledge test and work sample test. Public Bank will give the applicants an IQ test form to fill up, to make sure the ability of applicants and how well he or she can perform a job. After that, Public Bank will give them job knowledge tests to measure how deep their knowledge about the position. After that, Public Bank will create a situation and require applicant to solve it based on their experience. This is the best way to test the ability of the applicant, to find out how applicants deal with the uncertainty and solve the problem with best solution. Fourth process is employment interview. Public Bank will ask the applicants come to branch to have a face-to-face interview. Basically, the interviewer will ask about occupational experience, academic achievement, interpersonal skills and how well applicants try to fit into the organization. Public Bank will uses both structured and unstructured interview. First ask applicants to introduce themselves, lists out their strength and weaknesses. After that, the interviewer will ask about the job related question. Public bank usually uses one-on-one interview method. Fifth process is pre-employment screening. Public Bank wants to determine the accuracy of information submitted by applicants. Public bank will checks applicants previous employment, education, criminal history, compensation history and credit history. The validity of information is very important; this is to make sure they hire the best workers among the applicants. Sixth process is selection decision, the most important and critical step. Interviewer will discuss with their head of department and head of human resource management to choose the person most closely conform to the open position and organization. Final process is to notify the applicant who being chosen. Public Bank will inform them as soon as possible by email and formal letter. 3.5 Advantages of the practice of Selection methods in H.R management Save time and cost When Public Bank does the preliminary interview, it helps to reduce time and effort. This method can eliminates weak candidates and send the high quality applicants for the second interview. Phone call will not cost Public Bank as much as compare to face-to-face interview and effort of interviewer. It is also a way to test for the verbal skills by having tele-conversation. If the applicants cannot perform well in tele-conversation, for sure they will also not perfom well during face-to-face interview which require higher verbal skills include body language, eye contact and movement. Increase efficiency Applicants will be given a selection tests. All the results obtain from the selection test will be standardize and uniform. Hence, it will be faster during make comparison between applicants, directly increase the efficiency of selection process. Other that, structure interview also will increase the efficiency of selection process because the question is similar for the entire applicant such as introduce yourself. By this, interviewer will have a best formal answer and determine which applicant will give the answer most close to the formal answer. Increase reliability and accuracy Public Bank will have a background and references checks after face-to-face interview with the applicants. They want to make sure that information given by applicants is not fraud and certificates and documents submitted are recognized by the issuing units. Once the issuing units confirmed the certificates and documents thus prove the applicants have the qualification with proper education background. If records are not found when refer to the issuing units, thus can eliminate the applicant to prevent organization hire the unqualified worker. Disadvantages of the practice of Selection methods in H.R management Interviewer may have bias to certain group of people Public Bank is using one-on-one interview method. This method is quite inappropriate when the interviewer is biased to certain group of people. The performance of applicants is very subjective due to the perspective of the interviewer. For example, when the interviewer believe that man will perform better in banking industry compare to woman, no matter how well the women performance during the interview or having higher education of that area, having more experience, she will still not been selected because of the point of view of the interviewer. This may cause Public Bank lose a better worker thus directly reduce competitive advantage. Time consuming Public Bank want to increase reliability and accuracy but in another hand waste time. To check for the validity of certificates and documents, the issuing units need time to proceed. While waiting for the feedback from issuing unit, applicants may search for other jobs. Once they found the information given by selected applicant is fraud, they need to select another applicant and go through this process again. Besides that, by having one-one-one interview method, it takes times to review all the applicants. As we know time is crucial because when the applicants wait for a long time and do not receive any feedback, they may search for other job opportunity.

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In modern day society it has become a scary reality that it could actually be argued that individuals are becoming bored of simply existing(REFERENCE). The individuals needs has increased and their need for complete satisfaction is one that requires them to step outside of what is known to be a ‘normal’ existence (REFERENCE). We are more acquainted with the world around us and therefore we want to experience it. We are more aware of the possibilities of who we could be and what we could do that the exposure of popular culture through various forms of media leaves the individual with much higher aspirations as we are a society that feels that anything is possible, it is unfortunate that in the majority of cases within society we cannot all attain the level of material wealth that so many wish for. Society appears to be escaping from normality and constantly searching for something else (REFERENCE), Yet this factor can be so easily justified as there seems to be so much more that the individual needs to escape from then there ever was before. However, Are we actually escaping? As we...

Generational conflicts Presentation

What do our companies do to deal with generational differences? 3. How important is it for organizations to have training and programs on generational conflicts? 4. Please share your experience about generational conflicts in the workplace that you have encountered in the past. How did you deal with it? Summarizing group discussions – Baby boomers – Seers – Years Adviser 1: Ron Also – a freelance writer, editor, and consultant, and a former reporter and editor for the Wall Street Journal. Bosses have to get used to spending more time with their young workers. The investment should pay off in improved morale, productivity, teamwork, and innovation.While Josh might prefer text messaging and e-mail, it is critical that he and Sarah meet face-to-face for more substantive conversations about workplace attitudes and expectations. Managers like Sarah also are finding that they need to show respect for Gene Years and encourage them even if they can't give Gene Yea rs what they want as fast as they want it. Advisor 2: Pamela Nicholson – president and COO of Enterprise Rent-A-Car, based in SST. Louis. As a large employer of college graduates, Enterprise has taken steps to address these kinds of issues, in two important ways: training and feedback. Advisor 3: Jim Miller – the executive vice president of sales and marketing at General Tool & Supply, a distributor based in Portland, Oregon.To work better together, Sarah and Josh both need to recalibrate their expectations. Sarah needs to take extra time to validate Josh's ideas and help him understand what it means to be a team player. For so many Years entering the workforce, the attitude is â€Å"I'll be a full-time freelancer, and work will be fun, fun, fun. Sarah needs to counteract that by being completely transparent with Josh about the level of performance required (a new idea needs to be fully researched) and the level of communication required (formal presentations rather t han hallway chats). For his part, Josh needs to figure out how to pitch his good ideas through established channels, within the established team framework.If he really needs to be a maverick, he can go off and start his own company, where he can follow his own business rules. Or, he can go to a different firm that has a maverick culture. Solutions to close the generation gap – Communicating information in multiple ways (oral and written, formal and informal) to address different generations' learning styles – Collaborative decision making (co-creation) – Training managers to handle generational differences – Recognizing that all generations want to be treated with respect (source: ASCII 2013) Wrap up – represented of each generation will say what they would do to deal with conflicts and improve performance Thank you for your active and constructive participation!

Explore the presentation of authority and inferiority in The Tempest Essays

Explore the presentation of authority and inferiority in The Tempest Essays Explore the presentation of authority and inferiority in The Tempest Essay Explore the presentation of authority and inferiority in The Tempest Essay Essay Topic: The Tempest Throughout The Tempest, Shakespeare manages to present authority and inferiority through different characters and in a variety of different ways. One of the main characters, Prospero, is acknowledged as being the most authoritative character in the play because the audience realise that, not only was he once the Duke of Milan, but his power and overall superiority in the island is due to his knowledge in the magical arts. Prospero is proficient in the magical arts mainly due to the fact that he brushed aside his responsibilities when he was a Duke to make time for his magic. It is ironic to consider that, being gifted with magic, Prospero is shown as being virtually omnipotent on the island, yet it was the pursuit of this magic which was his initial downfall in society.In contrast to Prosperos excess in authority, Caliban is presented as the most inferior character in the play. He is banished out of Prosperos circle due to his nature; his mother was often refe rred to as a hag, and because he knows nothing of civilisation, but rather acts on an instinctive belief. It is also due to Calibans ignorance of the rules of outside society, that the island, where he born, and which could be said be rightfully his, was taken from him by Prospero. One such instance of Calibans ignorance of the rules of society is when he didst seek to violate the honour of my (Prosperos) child. In society, this would be considered as rape and one would be imprisoned for it, however Caliban doesnt understand the error of his actions as he says he wanted to populate this isle with Calibans. To him, He was acting on instinct and doing what animals do, but as Miranda and Prospero were not born on the island, to them it was considered as a violation of basic human rights. It if for this reason that we see Prospero hold control and superiority over Caliban as Prospero is aware of the outside rules, whereas Caliban is forced to act on his primitive instincts.Shakespeare s hows how authority is determined, not only by ones knowledge of life at its most basic state, but also by the ability to use it. In Prosperos case he uses Ariel as his instrument in exercising his authority. Ariel is shown as being Prosperos eyes as he uses her to oversee all that is happening on the island. Ariel does Prosperos bidding in the hope that she will have freedom once it has all been done. When Prospero asks Ariel if she has done what he ordered here to do: Hast thou, spirit, performed to point the tempest that I bade thee? Ariel replies with: To every article. Ariel shows that she has done all Prospero has asked her to do and even goes on to list what she has done as an emphasis of her deeds: I boarded the kings ship. Now on the beak, now in the waist, the deck, in every cabin I flamed amazement.The use of commas in between the line shows a break in the flow and also implies that a lot has been done. This gives the audience a sense of how it is directed on stage as Arie l can only narrate her action and portray herself as being an eager servant flitting around Prospero. Prosperos hold over Ariel is the promise of freedom and this is what gives him authority. His authority over Ariel also gives him overall authority over the island as, assisted with Ariels magic, he can control all that happens on it. Shakespeare shows us that superiority can only exist when acknowledged by those who are inferior. Another example of this is the way Gonzalo accepts Alonso as King and, later on, when Caliban promotes Stephano and Trinculo (two base characters) to a superior level.Through the interaction between Alonso and Gonzalo, the audience realise that authority and superiority can only be acknowledged by those without it. In Alonso and Gonzalos case, the way in which Gonzalo addresses Alonso as sir shows the respect he holds for Alonso and also indicates Gonzalo has less authority than Alonso. This would have been considered as rightfully placed respect in that p eriod in time because Alonso was the King. However, the way in which Sebastian and Antonio address Alonso is nothing short of disrespectful; when Alonso grieves for his sons apparent death, Sebastian states The faults your own (Alonsos). In situations like this, the common reaction of people would be to comfort the person who is grieving, but Sebastian and Antonio show a totally disrespect for authority and, instead, make snide and sarcastic comments whenever Gonzalo speaks: He (Alonso) receives comfort like cold porridge. This was said when Gonzalo tried telling Alonso to be grateful for having survived the tempest, Beseech you, sir, be merry. The way in which Antonio and Sebastian plan to kill Alonso and Gonzalo, in order for Sebastian to become the new King of Naples, shows how they are both willing to do blasphemous deeds in order to be their own leaders. Their lack of respect for those with more authority to themselves helps the audience to understand that there is no authority or superiority without those who are inferior to acknowledge it.The case of Caliban and Stephano and Trinculo shows the audience that some people were born to serve, but that they wanted to the freedom to choose their leader. Caliban never wanted to be free, he just wanted to have the freedom to choose who his controller was to be. We see this when he tells Stephano and Trinculo he will serve thee if they bite him (Prospero) to death. Calibans hatred for Prospero is justified as the treatment he receives from Prospero is nothing short of degrading; Prospero constantly refers to him as a slave, Thou poisonous slave. The speed in which Caliban was willing to accept Stephano and Trinculo as his new leaders shows his naivety as they are much more inferior than Prospero could ever be. Caliban begs them to take him as a slave as he says hell Kiss thy foot and asks them to be his god. When Caliban confronts Prospero at the beginning of the play, he shows emotion in the form of sadness as he says he showed thee [] the fresh springs and all he got in return was banishment from the island. However, when he speaks to Trinculo and Stephano, he says hell show thee the best springs as he believes they would never betray him like Prospero did.Authority and inferiority are also portrayed throughout the play through the characters use of language. The interaction between the characters and the language they use helps the audience to differentiate between who has authority and who doesnt. The way in which Caliban and Prospero interact with each other is a great indication to the audience of their status. As has been previously established, Prospero is shown as being a powerful and magical being who demands authority from both the audience and the characters in the play. The audience can tell, before Caliban even comes on stage, that he has little to no authority on the island. This is because of the language Prospero uses when describing him: Caliban, my slave, and Tis a villa in. By addressing Caliban as his slave slave, the audience realise that Prospero controls Caliban and therefore is far more superior to him. The abrupt and callous manner in which Prospero talks to Caliban suggests to the audience that Caliban is unworthy of Prosperos attention and time. Snappy lines, such as: What, ho! Slave! Caliban and Thou earth, thou, speak, show how impatient Prospero gets when having to spend time conversing with Caliban. It is for this reason that Caliban is unwilling to serve Prospero but is eager to serve Stephano and Trinculo. Caliban chooses to serve them both as he believes them to be fine things and to be Brave gods. It is his belief that they will kill Prospero and treat him well in enough. Although they both address Caliban as monster, the way they say it makes it seem as if its a term of endearment. This is proven correct when they leave the stage with: O brave monster! Lead the way. Caliban has never been spoken to in such a way and the use of brav e and Lead the way implies that Caliban is needed by them.One key scene to outline Shakespeares overall thoughts on authority and inferiority is the first scene of The Tempest. This scene outlines the fact that authority and inferiority is transient and unstable as it changes according to the situation and who is involved in the situation. Where Antonio, Sebastian, Alonso and Gonzalo would have the most authority in any social situation, their authority dissipates in the face of a raging storm. In this opening scene, the royal party is harshly addressed by the boatswain: Do you not hear him? [] Keep your cabins! You do assist the storm. The use of a rhetorical question shows how in a life or death situation, niceties will not do. The boatswain is more interested in getting out alive rather than adhering to the rules of hierarchy.He orders the four to get to their cabins as they mar his labour. This scene shows that even in the face of danger, Antonio and Sebastian are more concerned with the correct respect shown to them due to their statuses in society. The Boatswains only interest is saving himself and the ship, so his language is abrupt and short: Work you, then. He is speaking directly to Sebastian after Sebastian gets affronted with the disrespect he is shown. Sebastian shouts insults at the Boatswain A pox oyour throat. It is his pride which was injured due to the lack of respect he was shown. Sebastian and Antonio were never used to this treatment as they were usually held in high regard in society. What the audience realise is that authority means nothing when in the face of danger as the ultimate authority is help by Mother Nature.In conclusion, one can assume that authority and inferiority is determined by a number of things, but mostly the situation and circumstance a person is in. Caliban is a victim of circumstance and thus has no authority, but if Prospero hadnt come to the island, Caliban may have been his own king. It is Prosperos magic and the fear he instils in Caliban which gives him the superiority he has on the island. Authority and Inferiority can also only be determined by those with less authority, as without inferiority there cannot be superiority. Explore the presentation of authority and inferiority in The Tempest Essays Explore the presentation of authority and inferiority in The Tempest Essay Explore the presentation of authority and inferiority in The Tempest Essay Essay Topic: The Tempest The presentation of authority and inferiority is displayed in many different ways throughout, The Tempest. Authority is presented as being based on a variety of features. For example, social status, knowledge and magic all figure prominently. The balance of powers shifts quickly as authority is displayed in a complex manner. It refers to being powerful and conveys the traits of the characters. The authority is unbalanced and doesnt have as much of an affect, as it should do. The beginning shows authority and inferiority as it starts off with a storm and there is thunder and lightning hence the use of pathetic fallacy indicates towards danger onboard. The Master says Boatswain and therefore there is already symbolisation of authority within the premature play. This already indicates control over the Boatswain, while throughout the scene he tries to prevent the boat from wrecking by following orders. The authority is readily transferred to Boatswain while he commands other to help him and mentions What cares these roarers for the name of the King?, showing he is unmoved by whoever is the on ship and therefore gives priority to his master. The readers can already see how the man has been swirled within the control of his master and therefore obeys him strictly. Within this process even the nobles are treated with least respect thereby implying the effects of loyalty or obedience to master, and is shown when, he says, Do you not hear him? You mar our labour. Keep your cabins! The use of the exclamation mark indicates that he is shouting abruptly at a person of higher social rank. However at the same time Antonio and Sebastian rush after the King therefore provoking the indirect authority of the on them. The following Scene 2, comprises Miranda, Prospero having a conversation about the storm, while Miranda expresses sorrow over the storm and people in the ship, Prospero decides to extend the event to her past and explain it to her. He explains the story, but then makes her sleep, mainly to save her innocence, while Prospero talks about what to do with the survivors of the ship wreck with Ariel. Putting her to sleep, shows power, as magic is known as a super-power and is usually impossible to withstand it. Prospero is the ideal character with knowledge and shows this throughout The Tempest. He is the antagonist with immense amount of power various amount of power from persuasion, magic and knowledge from books. An example of this is: If thou more murmurst, I will rend an oak, And peg thee in his knotty entrails, till, Thou has howled away twelve winters. Prospero shows that he has the power to do anything. He threatens Ariel to do as he says or Ariel will pay the consequences by being put inside an oak tree. The vocabulary is strong, I will rend an oak a strong suggestion of eagerness to fulfil his words with actions also there is seriousness in his tone which might seem as though he is exaggerating Thou has howled away twelve winters, if there is a murmur from Ariel. Furthermore there is a break in speech with the use of a comma, which reinforces and links the idea of being exiled into an oak tree for twelve winters the authority over Ariel is just a part of Prosperos knowledge: Knowing I loved my books, he furnished me, From mine own library with volumes that, I prize above my dukedom. From this we learn how educated Prospero is and we can blatantly see that he has a vast knowledge over many volumes where he gained his knowledge and power. There is an emphasis that he had his own library, with various volumes that he could prize upon. When Ariel is introduced to the play, he appears to be a servant again signaling to authority and control, and when Ariel questions authority, he is harshly reminded by Prospero of how he rescued her and therefore classifies Ariel as being ungrateful and needing to be once in a month recalled of Prosperos good deeds. The punctuation has use of commas that try to persuade him by saying, Let me remember thee.. this conveys us that he is trying to remind Prospero his promise and emphasizes his aspirations of being free, by reminding him what thou promised. When Ariel and Prospero speak about the storm it links back to scene 1 where the storm shows how Prospero has authority over the ship and circumstances through magic. Ariel is treated almost like a pet by being degraded and appreciated at times, showing the magnitude of authority of Prospero. During that Ariel is degraded to being questioned about his past as well. And therefore takes the role of a pupil while Prospero humiliates him through his intellectual and physical threatening power. Caliban is seen as a slave as well with low morals, he is shown to be colonised by Prospero while he is taught the language to communicate with him as well. This shows the authority of the coloniser and ironically outlines the control the colonised Caliban has after being taught the language allowing him to curse Prospero. His authority and inferiority is shown as acceptable. Caliban is an example of this, when he comes across Trinculo and Stephano he immediately asks them to be his masters, by saying that he has given away his authority and has immediately asked to be inferior: Ill show thee every fertile inch otheisland, and I will kiss thy foot. I prithee, be my god. The desperation of Caliban is immediately seen in the quote when he emphasizes that hell show the entire land and he will kiss their feet. The vocabulary illustrates the desperation and extreme anxiety of a needed master. In addition it also has a hyperbole, be my god he over exaggerates by saying he wants Trinculo a nd Stephano to be his Gods. This shows that Caliban has no desire to be an authorative figure; he has accepted his position in the social hierarchy. When Ferdinand is stranded on the island, he encounters Ariel where they both fall in love, and therefore Ferdinand and Miranda could be seen as a possibility for peace and forgiveness for usurping Prospero. However Prospero dislikes the sudden fall in love between the two, and therefore threatens Ferdinand, where Ferdinand draws his sword, and after drawing it, Prospero freezes him through magic showing control; however Miranda does retaliate towards any harshness towards Ferdinand. Another example of authorisation is how Antonio uses various cunning methods to persuade and manipulate Sebastian into killing the King. This is shown when he says, Thou lets thy fortune sleep die, rather, winkst whiles thou art walking. The imagery used in the language personifies that the human status will raise level of impatience, fortune sleep also the grammar shows the relationship between die and sleep. The dash indicates a pause, engages the readers attention. It also shows Antonio changing his mind, to emphasize on the fact that the chance will be lost to kill the king. Furthermore the vocabulary shows a manipulative tone by suggesting that it is fortunes wish that they take this opportunity fortune to kill the king; in addition the association of eye movement sees the opportunity. The semi-colon links the two ideas together, which accentuates that, hes missing out on a golden opportunity. All this shows how he is almost talking down to Sebastian, and shows authority and i nferiority. In conclusion the presentation of authority shows that in order to have authority and stabilise it you need to have knowledge and power to do so. Prospero is a perfect example as he shows he has immense amounts of authority by having magic and knowledge from books. However, authority is also illustrated as being unequal the King, being on top of the social hierarchy doesnt show any authority and if he tries it is dismissed. On the other hand inferiority is subjective as some people have accepted that they are inferior for example Caliban. However Ariel accepts this as he is going to get something out of it, freedom. I dont think you need to be on top of a social hierarchy to have authority, you can gain it.